國(guó)際關(guān)系英語(yǔ)詞匯大全Unit 5

　　The Axis powers, also known as the Axis alliance, Axis nations, Axis countries, or the Axis, were the nations that fought in the Second World Waragainst the Allied forces. The Axis powers were united by their opposition to several Western powers and the Soviet Union.

　　軸心國(guó)，指在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中結(jié)成的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)聯(lián)盟，包括納粹德國(guó)、大日本帝國(guó)和意大利王國(guó)等國(guó)家。1940年9月27日，德國(guó)、日本和意大利三國(guó)外交代表在柏林簽署《德義日三國(guó)同盟條約》(即：三國(guó)公約)，成立以柏林-羅馬-東京軸心為核心的軍事集團(tuán)。這個(gè)軍事集團(tuán)的成員被稱(chēng)為“軸心國(guó)”。同年8月15日日本向同盟國(guó)投降，軸心國(guó)集團(tuán)因此滅亡。

　　2.Non-aligned Country:不結(jié)盟國(guó)家

　　不結(jié)盟國(guó)家指執(zhí)行獨(dú)立自主、和平、中立和不結(jié)盟的政策,參加不結(jié)盟會(huì)議的國(guó)家。

　　3.Non-Aligned Movement:不結(jié)盟運(yùn)動(dòng)

　　The Non-Aligned movement was never established as a formal organization, but became the name to refer to the participants of the Conference of Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned Countries first held in 1961. The term "non-alignment" itself was coined by V.K. Krishna Menon in 1953 remarks at the United Nations. Menon's friend, Animesh Agrawal used the phrase in a 1954 speech in Colombo, Sri Lanka. In his speech in Colombo, Nehru described the five pillars to be used as a guide for Sino-Indian relations, which were first put forth by Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai. Called Panchsheel(five restraints), these principles(Mutual respect for each other's territorial integrity and sovereignty;Mutual non-aggression;Mutual non-interference in domestic affairs;Equality and mutual benefit;Peaceful co-existence)would later serve as the basis of the Non-Aligned Movement.

　　不結(jié)盟運(yùn)動(dòng)是一個(gè)擁有118個(gè)成員國(guó)和20個(gè)觀察員國(guó)的松散國(guó)際組織，它成立于冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期，其成員國(guó)奉行獨(dú)立自主、不與美蘇兩個(gè)超級(jí)大國(guó)中的任何一個(gè)結(jié)盟的外交政策。聯(lián)合國(guó)中三分之二的會(huì)員是該組織的成員國(guó)，全球人口的55%也生活在不結(jié)盟運(yùn)動(dòng)國(guó)家。不結(jié)盟運(yùn)動(dòng)定期舉行首腦會(huì)議，到目前為止已經(jīng)在前南斯拉夫、埃及、贊比亞、阿爾及利亞、斯里蘭卡、古巴、印度、津巴布韋、印度尼西亞、哥倫比亞、南非、馬來(lái)西亞和塞爾維亞各舉行了一次會(huì)議。