VOA慢速英語(yǔ):Rights Groups Question U.S. Drone Strikes

From VOA Learning English, this is In the News.

這里是美國(guó)之音慢速英語(yǔ)新聞報(bào)道。

This week, two human rights groups accused the United States of killing more civilians in drone strikes than American officials say. The groups say many of the attacks appeared to be illegal under international law.

本周，兩家人權(quán)組織指責(zé)美國(guó)無(wú)人機(jī)襲擊造成的平民遇難人數(shù)超出美國(guó)官員所言，這兩家組織表示，很多無(wú)人機(jī)襲擊似乎違反了國(guó)際法。

Human Rights Watch investigated six drone strikes in Yemen since 2009. It found that at least 57 civilians died in the attacks. Letta Tayler studies terrorist acts and anti-terrorism efforts for the group.

“人權(quán)觀察”組織調(diào)查了2009年以來(lái)在也門發(fā)生的6次無(wú)人機(jī)空襲。該組織發(fā)現(xiàn)，至少有57位平民在襲擊中遇難。萊塔·泰勒(Letta Tayler)在該組織中負(fù)責(zé)研究恐怖行為和反恐措施。

"Two of the six cases that we examined in my report show that the U.S. indiscriminately killed civilians. This is a clear violation of international law."

他說(shuō)，“我們報(bào)告中所調(diào)查的6起案例中，有兩起案例顯示美國(guó)濫殺平民。這顯然違反了國(guó)際法。”

The report says some drone strikes violated the rules set by President Obama to justify such attacks. The president has said the unmanned aircraft can be used when responding to an immediate threat to the United States. He also said they can be used when there is no hope of capturing a targeted terrorist, and "near certainty" that civilians will not be harmed.

該報(bào)告聲稱，一些無(wú)人機(jī)襲擊違反了奧巴馬總統(tǒng)為此類襲擊辯解時(shí)制定的規(guī)則。奧巴馬總統(tǒng)曾表示，無(wú)人機(jī)可用于響應(yīng)針對(duì)美國(guó)的迫切威脅，他還表示，當(dāng)抓捕恐怖目標(biāo)無(wú)望，并且“幾乎可以肯定”不會(huì)傷害到平民時(shí)可以使用無(wú)人機(jī)。

At the White House, Press Secretary Jay Carney rejected accusations that drone strikes violated international law.

白宮新聞秘書杰伊·卡尼(Jay Carney)否認(rèn)了無(wú)人機(jī)襲擊違反國(guó)際法的指控。

"To the extent these reports claim that the U.S. has acted contrary to international law, we would strongly disagree. The administration has repeatedly emphasized the extraordinary care that we take to make sure counterterrorism actions are in accordance with all applicable law."

他說(shuō)，“這些報(bào)道在一定程度上指責(zé)美國(guó)已經(jīng)違反了國(guó)際法，我們對(duì)此表示強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)。美國(guó)政府一再?gòu)?qiáng)調(diào)，我們采取了特別措施，以確保反恐行動(dòng)遵循所有適用的法律。”

Amnesty International examined nine American drone attacks in Pakistan. It says it found evidence that more than 30 civilians were killed in four of the strikes. A United Nations report has estimated that drone strikes in Pakistan killed 400 civilians over the past 10 years.

大赦國(guó)際調(diào)查了在巴基斯坦發(fā)生的9起美國(guó)無(wú)人機(jī)襲擊。該組織聲稱有證據(jù)顯示，三十多位平民在其中4起襲擊中遇難。聯(lián)合國(guó)的一份報(bào)告估計(jì)，過(guò)去十年，無(wú)人機(jī)襲擊在巴基斯坦造成了400位平民遇難。

Both Amnesty and Human Rights Watch are calling for more congressional supervision of the Central Intelligence Agency and the Defense Department.

大赦國(guó)際和人權(quán)觀察都呼吁美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)對(duì)中情局和國(guó)防部加強(qiáng)監(jiān)督。

The first American drone attack in Pakistan took place in 2004. Many observers believe there was a secret agreement in which Pakistan privately approved of drone strikes but publicly condemned them.

美國(guó)首次無(wú)人機(jī)襲擊巴基斯坦發(fā)生在2004年。許多觀察家認(rèn)為，巴基斯坦私下批準(zhǔn)卻又公開(kāi)譴責(zé)無(wú)人機(jī)襲擊，是因?yàn)榇嬖谝豁?xiàng)秘密協(xié)議。

Pakistani officials say they are strongly opposed to the attacks. They condemn them as a violation of their country's sovereignty – the right to be free from interference by another country. They also say the attacks are fueling militancy in Pakistan.

巴基斯坦官員表示，他們強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)無(wú)人機(jī)襲擊，并譴責(zé)無(wú)人機(jī)襲擊侵犯了他們國(guó)家的主權(quán)--即不受他國(guó)干涉的權(quán)力。他們還表示，這些襲擊加劇了巴基斯坦的交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)。

North Waziristan has long been considered a center for al-Qaida militants and the Haqqani network. That group has been blamed for some of the deadliest attacks in Afghanistan. The United States has long pressured the Pakistani military to move against extremists in North Waziristan. However, some officials believe that state control has almost disappeared in the territory.

北瓦濟(jì)里斯坦長(zhǎng)期被認(rèn)為是基地組織武裝分子和哈卡尼網(wǎng)絡(luò)的大本營(yíng)。該組織一直被認(rèn)為是阿富汗發(fā)生的一些致命襲擊的元兇。美國(guó)長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)一直對(duì)巴基斯坦軍方施壓，要求他們采取行動(dòng)對(duì)付北瓦濟(jì)里斯坦的極端主義分子。然而，一些官員認(rèn)為，該地區(qū)的國(guó)家控制力已經(jīng)幾近消亡。

On Wednesday, President Obama and Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif met at the White House. They discussed cooperation in fighting terrorism and concerns about what the president called "senseless violence and extremism" in Pakistan. Afterward they spoke to reporters. Prime Minister Sharif said the two countries will continue to increase cooperation against terrorists. But he also called for no more drone attacks.

周三，奧巴馬總統(tǒng)在白宮會(huì)見(jiàn)了巴基斯坦總理納瓦茲·謝里夫(Nawaz Sharif)。他們討論了合作打擊恐怖主義以及奧巴馬所說(shuō)的“無(wú)謂暴力和極端主義”的問(wèn)題。隨后他們和記者進(jìn)行了交流。謝里夫總理表示，兩國(guó)將繼續(xù)深入合作打擊恐怖分子。但他還呼吁不要再進(jìn)行無(wú)人機(jī)襲擊。

"Pakistan and the United States have a strong, ongoing counterterrorism cooperation. We have agreed to further strengthen this cooperation. I also brought up the issue of drones in our meeting, emphasizing the need for an end to such strikes."

他說(shuō)，“巴基斯坦和美國(guó)在反恐合作上深入持久。我們一致同意繼續(xù)深化合作。在會(huì)議上，我也談到了無(wú)人機(jī)襲擊問(wèn)題，并強(qiáng)調(diào)有必要終止無(wú)人機(jī)襲擊。”