考研英語(yǔ)閱讀:美國(guó)貿(mào)易逆差飆升

Soaring US Trade Deficit Fuels Tension

美國(guó)貿(mào)易逆差飆升

The US trade deficit soared in August as surging Chinese imports worsened global economic imbalances and stoked rising American anger with China’s exchange rate policy.

美國(guó)8 月份貿(mào)易逆差猛增。美國(guó)認(rèn)為從中國(guó)的進(jìn)口激增加劇了全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的失衡，引發(fā)美國(guó)對(duì)中國(guó)匯率政策的憤怒。

The data, published on Thursday, come ahead of Friday’s release deadline for the US Treasury’s twice-yearly report on exchange rates, in which it has to decide whether or not formally to name China as a currency manipulator.

這一數(shù)據(jù)是周四發(fā)布的。星期五美國(guó)財(cái)政部就要發(fā)表一年兩度的匯率報(bào)告，在報(bào)告中財(cái)政部必須決定是否要將中國(guó)正式列為匯率操縱國(guó)。

Despite congressional pressure, the Treasury has so far refrained from using the label, arguing that it makes no practical difference to relations with Beijing.

盡管?chē)?guó)會(huì)施加了壓力，但財(cái)政部一直避免使用“貿(mào)易操縱國(guó)”這一說(shuō)法，稱(chēng)這么做對(duì)美中關(guān)系沒(méi)有實(shí)質(zhì)性的好處。

The figures released by the commerce department showed the deficit in goods and services widening by 8.7 per cent to $46.3bn.

美國(guó)商務(wù)部發(fā)布的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，商品和服務(wù)貿(mào)易逆差擴(kuò)大了8.7%，升至463億美元。

That figure was the second highest gap of the year, exceeding economists’ expectations.

這是今年出現(xiàn)的第二大逆差，數(shù)額之大超出了經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的預(yù)想。

The rise was driven by US businesses stocking up on consumer goods and cars at the end of summer.

美國(guó)企業(yè)在夏末增加了消費(fèi)品和汽車(chē)的庫(kù)存，這是逆差上升的原因。

Exports ticked up by 0.22 per cent to $153.8bn, the highest level in two years, but were outstripped by imports, which jumped by 2.1 per cent to $200.2bn.

美國(guó)的對(duì)外出口也有小幅度的增加，上浮0.22 個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，至1538 億美元，創(chuàng)兩年來(lái)出口額的最高水平。但出口增幅明顯不如進(jìn)口，進(jìn)口增加2.1%，至2002 億美元。

“The structural US trade deficit continues to persist on the lack of Chinese demand for US exports,”said Michael Woolfolk, analyst, BNY Mellon Global Markets.

紐約銀行梅隆全球市場(chǎng)分析師邁克爾·伍爾?？吮硎?，“如果中國(guó)對(duì)美國(guó)出口缺乏需求，美國(guó)的結(jié)構(gòu)性貿(mào)易逆差將持續(xù)存在。”

In August, imports from China rose by 6.1 per cent to a record $35.3bn.

8 月份，美國(guó)從中國(guó)的進(jìn)口增加6.1%，達(dá)353 億美元，

That left a US trade shortfall with its most politically sensitive trading partner at a record $28bn at a time when the US is intensifying its scrutiny of China for creating trade imbalances by undervaluing the renminbi.

這是個(gè)創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的數(shù)字，使美國(guó)與中國(guó)這對(duì)政治上最敏感的貿(mào)易伙伴的逆差額飆升至史無(wú)前例的280 億美元。美國(guó)一直以來(lái)都在關(guān)注因中國(guó)不愿讓人民幣升值而造成的貿(mào)易失衡。

Economists expect imports to the US to cool as the end of the year nears because consumer demand remains tepid.

經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家預(yù)測(cè)，由于消費(fèi)者需求萎靡不振，美國(guó)的進(jìn)口額將會(huì)在年底降溫。

Ian Shepherdson, chief US economist at High Frequency Economics, notes that much of the expansion of the deficit in August was due to rising oil prices and a drop in aircraft orders.

高頻經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的首席美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家伊恩·謝潑德森指出，8 月份貿(mào)易逆差的擴(kuò)大很大程度上是由于油價(jià)上升和飛機(jī)訂單下降。

The US deficit with China accounts for about half of its shortfall with the rest of the world. US deficits with the European Union, Canada and Japan also widened in August.

美國(guó)對(duì)華貿(mào)易逆差占美國(guó)對(duì)全球其他所有國(guó)家貿(mào)易逆差總額的大約一半。8月份，美國(guó)對(duì)歐盟、加拿大和日本的貿(mào)易逆差也有所擴(kuò)大。

 

 

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