2021大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)英語(yǔ)詞根練習(xí)100天(匯總)
1. [詞海垂釣]從詞典中“釣”出一串同根詞吧。
su-(sub-)
2. [舉一反三]根據(jù)已知單詞的詞義推斷出其同根詞的詞義。
spiritual a.心靈的;精神的→① spiritualism n.
→② spiritualist n.
→③ spiritualize v.
3. [同義相連]將左欄中的單詞和右欄中相對(duì)應(yīng)的詞義連接起來(lái)。
① inspiration a.滿期;截止
② perspiration b.吸氣;鼓舞
③ respiration c.排汗;汗液
④ aspiration d.呼吸;呼吸作用
⑤ expiration e.志氣;抱負(fù);渴望
4. [尋根問(wèn)底]指出下列單詞的詞根并領(lǐng)會(huì)其詞義的由來(lái)。
① conspiratorial a.陰謀的;陰謀家的
② dispirit v.使氣餒;使沮喪
dispirited a.沒(méi)有精神的;垂頭喪氣的
③ spiracle n.通氣孔
④ aspirate v.把……發(fā)成送氣音;吸出 n.送氣音
aspirator n.吸氣器;抽吸器
aspiration n.發(fā)送氣音;送氣音
⑤ spirituous a.含酒精的;似酒精的
⑥ despiritualize v.使失去精神性;使世俗化
5. [節(jié)外生枝] spiro-是術(shù)語(yǔ)前綴,表“呼吸”。分析下列單詞的詞義。
① spirograph n.呼吸描記器
② spirometer n.肺(活)量計(jì)
③ spirophore n.(柜式)人工呼吸器
④ spiroscope n.呼吸量檢視器
89. st, stat [L]=to stand站立
st和stat是一對(duì)很重要的同源異形根。st來(lái)自拉丁動(dòng)詞stare;stat是它的動(dòng)名詞詞干,意思都是to stand(站立)。(大家可能會(huì)想起,詞根sist的意思也是to stand;其實(shí),sist的詞源也是stare。)
state [st=to stand站立;-ate n.=thing物→“that which stands or is set up立著的物體,建立的東西”→] n.① the general mode of things that stand around 總的模樣,狀態(tài):the state of war 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)狀態(tài) ② the political organization which is set up in a country政府;國(guó)家:capitalist states資本主義國(guó)家
▽statehood [state;-hood n.] n.國(guó)家地位
stateless [state;-less a.] a.無(wú)國(guó)家的;無(wú)國(guó)籍的
stately [state;-ly a.] a.尊嚴(yán)的,莊重的;雄偉的
station [stat=to stand站立;-ion n.=the act or state表行為或狀態(tài)→] n.① standing; standing-place; position 停留;站立點(diǎn);位置 ② fixed standing-place for trains, buses, planes, etc. 車(chē)站;機(jī)場(chǎng)等:railway station火車(chē)站
▽stationary [station;-ary a.] a.固定的;靜止的
stay [stay (stat)=to stand站立→] v. stand and remain rather than go on or leave停留:Stay here until I return.呆這兒等我回來(lái)。
distance [di-(dis-)=apart分離;st=to stand站立;-ance n.=the state表狀態(tài)→“the state of standing apart分立的狀態(tài)”→] n.① separation in space;remoteness相距;遠(yuǎn)隔:The picture looks better at a distance.這幅畫(huà)遠(yuǎn)看更好。② amount of separation in space or time(空間或時(shí)間的)距離:a distance of 20 miles 20英里距離
▽distant [di-;st;-ant a.] a.在遠(yuǎn)處的;久遠(yuǎn)的
constant [con-(com-)=thoroughly徹底地;st=to stand站立;-ant a.=-ing……的→“standing thoroughly始終站立的”→] a.① fixed or firm堅(jiān)定的:a constant believer in science堅(jiān)信科學(xué)的人 ② continual持續(xù)的:constant growth 持續(xù)增長(zhǎng) ③ unchanging 不變的:constant temperature room恒溫室
▽constancy [con-;st;-ancy n.] n.堅(jiān)定;經(jīng)久不變
circumstance [circum-=around周?chē)?;st=to stand站立;-ance n.=thing物→“thing standing around 在周?chē)玖⒌臇|西”→] n. fact, condition or event concerned有關(guān)事實(shí)、情況等:I want to consider each circum-stance in turn.我要逐一考慮有關(guān)情況。
▽circumstantial [circum-;st;-ant;-ial a.] a.按情況的;偶然的
contrast [contra- = in opposition 相對(duì);st = to stand 站立→“to stand in opposition相對(duì)而立”→]Ⅰv. set in opposition in order to show differ-ence使對(duì)比:to contrast good and evil 對(duì)比善與惡→Ⅱn. difference in things contrasted對(duì)比物之間的差別:the striking contrast between wealth and poverty貧富之間的懸殊差別
ecstasy [ec-(ex-)=out of外;st=to stand站立;-asy (-acy) n.=the state表狀態(tài)→“the state of standing out of one's own place because of joy因?yàn)楦吲d站到自己位置之外去”→] n. being put out of the normal mental state;excessive joy出神,入迷;狂喜:He listened to the music with ecstasy.他聽(tīng)音樂(lè)聽(tīng)得出了神。
▽ecstasize [ecstas(y);-ize v.] v.使入迷;使狂喜
ecstatic [ec-;stat;-ic a.] a.入迷的;欣喜若狂的
obstacle [ob-=in the way攔阻;st=to stand站立;-acle n.=thing物→] n. anything that stands in the way and hinders advance 障礙物:to over-come obstales to progress排除前進(jìn)的障礙
rest [re-=back后;st =to stand站立→“to stand back or stay behind站在后面,留在后頭”→]Ⅰv.① stay, or remain停留;余下② remain or still be保持著,依然是:The affair rests a riddle.這件事依然是個(gè)謎。→Ⅱ n. persons that still remain;what is left其余的人;剩余部分:Ten of us will go, the rest are to stay here.我們?nèi)ナ畟€(gè)人,其余的留在這兒。
2021大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)英語(yǔ)詞根練習(xí)100天(匯總)
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