2021大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)英語(yǔ)詞根練習(xí)100天(匯總)
1. [舉一反三]根據(jù)已知單詞的詞義推斷出其同根詞的詞義。
local地方的→① localism n.
→② localize v.
→③ localization n.
2. [由此及彼]根據(jù)已知單詞的詞義推斷出其同根詞的詞義。
① locate v.定位→mislocate v.
② location n.定位→radiolocation n.
③ automobile n.汽車(chē)→locomobile n.
3. [同義相連]將左欄中的單詞和右欄中相對(duì)應(yīng)的詞義連接起來(lái)。
① locative a.位于中間;居中
② interlocate b.改變位置;易位
③ locus c. [語(yǔ)法]位置格的
④ translocation d.脫臼;混亂
⑤ dislocation e.地點(diǎn);所在地
4. [節(jié)外生枝] loc有個(gè)來(lái)自法語(yǔ)的異體low,主要的同根詞有:
① allow n.允許;準(zhǔn)許;許可
② allowable a.允許的;準(zhǔn)許的;許可的
③ allowance n.允給額,分配額;津貼;補(bǔ)貼
52. log, logue [GK]=speech, reason說(shuō)話(huà),推理
在常用詞logic,dialogue,apologize和eulogy中,詞根log來(lái)源于希臘名詞logos,原意相當(dāng)于speech或reason,即“說(shuō)話(huà)”或說(shuō)話(huà)中的“推理”。異形詞根logue是log在詞尾時(shí)的拼寫(xiě)形式。
logic [log=reason推理;-ic n.=the science or art of……學(xué)→] n. the science and art of reasoning correctly邏輯學(xué)(正確推理的科學(xué)):He argued with learning and logic.他的辯論既有學(xué)問(wèn)又合邏輯。
▽logical [logic;-al a.] a.邏輯的;符合邏輯的
logician [logic;-ian n.] n.邏輯學(xué)家
dialogue [dia-=between 在……之間;logue=speech 談話(huà)→“speech between two persons兩人之間的談話(huà)”→] n. conversation between two or more persons對(duì)話(huà):a dialogue between two countries兩國(guó)之間的對(duì)話(huà)
▽dialogic [dialog (ue);-ic a.] a.對(duì)話(huà)的
dialogist [dialog (ue);-ist n.] n.對(duì)話(huà)者
apologize [apo-=away, off離開(kāi);log=speech話(huà);-ize v.=to make做→“to make a speech off (after an offence)(在犯了過(guò)失后)說(shuō)些借以解脫的話(huà)”→] v. express regret for a fault道歉:to apologize for being late因遲到道歉
▽apology [apo-;log;-y n.] n.道歉;謝罪
apologetic [apo-;log;-etic a.] a.道歉的;辯護(hù)的
apologia [apo-;log;-ia n.] n.辯解;自辯書(shū)
eulogy [eu-=good好;log=speech話(huà);-y n.=the act表行為→“the act of making a good speech 說(shuō)好聽(tīng)的話(huà)”→] n. praise 頌揚(yáng),贊頌:to pronounce a eulogy on somebody向某人致頌詞
▽eulogize [eulog (y);-ize v.] v.頌揚(yáng);贊頌
eulogistic [eulog (y);-istic a.] a.頌揚(yáng)的;歌功頌德的
prologue [pro-=before前;logue=speech言→] n. speech or words before a play or poem戲劇的開(kāi)場(chǎng)白;序詩(shī):the prologue to a long poem一首長(zhǎng)詩(shī)的序詩(shī)
epilogue [epi-=after在……之后;logue=speech言→“speech after a play在全劇結(jié)束后說(shuō)的話(huà)”→] n. speech at the end of a play;concluding part of a book戲劇的收?qǐng)霭?;?shū)的結(jié)尾部分:the epilogue of a novel一本小說(shuō)的尾聲
philology [phil=to love愛(ài);-o-;log=speech言;-y n.=the art藝術(shù)→“the art for people who love good speech為講究語(yǔ)言藝術(shù)的人提供技巧”→] n. (old-fashioned) the science and art of language(舊稱(chēng))語(yǔ)言學(xué)
▽philologic [philolog (y);-ic a.] a.(舊稱(chēng))語(yǔ)言學(xué)的
順便指出,log與-y結(jié)合,就成為術(shù)語(yǔ)后綴-logy,表示:(1)語(yǔ)言特色,如tautology;(2)研究對(duì)象,如sociology, zoology;(3)論述過(guò)程,如trilogy等。
tautology [tauto=the same同樣;-logy n.=the character of speech語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)→“speech characterized by repeating the same idea重復(fù)同樣意思的語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)”→] n. fault style of using words that say the same thing同義反復(fù)的語(yǔ)?。毁樖觯篴 speech full of tautologies充滿(mǎn)無(wú)謂的重復(fù)的演說(shuō)
▽tautological [tautolog (y);-ical a.] a.重復(fù)的;贅述的
sociology [socio=social社會(huì)的;-logy n.=the study of……學(xué)→] n. the study of social structure and fuctioning社會(huì)學(xué):modern sociology現(xiàn)代社會(huì)學(xué)
▽sociological [sociolog(y);-ical a.] a.社會(huì)學(xué)的
trilogy [tri=three三;-logy n.=speech說(shuō)話(huà),敘述→“discourse in three sections分成三個(gè)部分的敘述”→] n. group of three related literary or operatic works(小說(shuō)或戲劇的)三部曲:a trilogy by Theodore Dreiser德萊塞寫(xiě)的三部曲
2021大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)英語(yǔ)詞根練習(xí)100天(匯總)
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