托福備考語法指導(dǎo)：從屬連詞及真題要點(diǎn)解析

　　(3) A hinge joint is ------- permits the forward and backward movement of a door。

　　(A) the

　　(B) what

　　(C) those

　　(D) whose (88.10)

　?。鄞鸢福?B what = the thing that…

　　(4) Essentially， a theory is an abstract. Symbolic representation of ------- reality。

　　(A) what it is conceived

　　(B) that is conceived

　　(C) what is conceived to be

　　(D) that is being conceived of (89.5)

　?。鄞鸢福?C what = the thing that (is conceived to be…) 。答案(A)中的代詞it是多余的，因?yàn)閣hat本身即已包含了先行詞(the thing ) 和關(guān)系代詞(that) 。答案(B)中的關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)的從句不可以置于介詞的后面。

　　(5) Most of the food what elephants eat is brought to their mouths by their trunks. (93.10

　?。鄞鸢福?B what應(yīng)改為that。此句已含有先行詞food，不能再用關(guān)系代詞what。

　　5. 主句和從句

　　解題要點(diǎn) 主語從句是TOEEL常考而中國考生又較陌生英文文法結(jié)構(gòu)。有關(guān)主語從句的命題幾乎全部集中在structure (1-15題)中。主語從句的特點(diǎn)是讀起來有種頭重腳輕的感覺，而且有兩個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞。連詞That 引導(dǎo)的主語從句應(yīng)特別留意。因?yàn)門hat 在句中沒有任何意義，它只具有引導(dǎo)出主語從句的功能，因而很容易被忽略。

　　全真例題分析

　　(1) ------- xenon could not from chemical compounds was once believed by scientists。

　　(A) For

　　(B) It was

　　(C) That

　　(D) While (91.1)

　?。鄞鸢福?C That引導(dǎo)的主語從句。其中第一個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞could from 是從句的謂語，第二個(gè)系動(dòng)was是主句的謂語。

　　(2) ------- to space travelers is high acceleration of deceleration forces。

　　(A) Danger can be

　　(B) They can be dangerous

　　(C) What can be dangerous

　　(D) While danger (93.1)

　　［答案］ C what引導(dǎo)的主語從句。What既是從句的連詞，又是從句的主語。

　　(3) ------- has been a topic of continual geological research。

　　(A) Did the continents originate

　　(B) How did the continents originate

　　(C) Have the continents originated

　　(D) How the continents originated (91.1)

　　［答案］ D How 引導(dǎo)的主語從句。

　　(4) ------- progress helps to relieve scarcities is a fact accepted by economists。

　　(A) Technological

　　(B) That technological

　　(C)Although technological

　　(D)There is technological