復雜的定語從句的拆分和理解 例32

例32　The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teenagers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Japan's rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs.

【結構分析】主語中心語是The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male-dominated job market，謂語動詞是have limited，賓語中心語是the opportunities of teenagers, who引導的定語從句，修飾前面的teenagers, involved in climbing Japan's rigid social ladder是個分詞短語修飾前面的sacrifices, to good schools and jobs是個介詞短語修飾前面的名詞短語social ladder。

【亮點回放】此句話的亮點在于The coming of age of the postwar baby boom這種連環(huán)“of”結構做第一個主語，后面who引導的定語從句中的賓語又套了過去分詞短語involved in。

【核心詞匯】

postwar baby boom　戰(zhàn)后嬰兒潮

male-dominated　男人為主導的

question　質疑

personal sacrifices　個人犧牲

rigid　嚴格的

social ladder　社會階梯

【參考譯文】戰(zhàn)后嬰兒潮一代的步入成年以及女性打入男性主導的勞動力市場使得青少年的發(fā)展機會變得極為有限，他們已經在不停地質疑為了爬上日本國內那通往優(yōu)秀學校和體面工作的嚴酷的社會階梯而做出的巨大的個人犧牲。