語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)是場(chǎng)漫長(zhǎng)馬拉松 六大技巧提高學(xué)習(xí)效率

語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)就像是一場(chǎng)漫長(zhǎng)的馬拉松。當(dāng)我們大多數(shù)人第一次開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)新的東西時(shí)，很容易感到困惑，疑惑我們應(yīng)該用什么方法，花費(fèi)多少時(shí)間來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)它。

但使用正確的語(yǔ)言技巧，你可以更快完成目標(biāo)。例如學(xué)習(xí)西班牙語(yǔ)、法語(yǔ)、漢語(yǔ)或任何你想學(xué)習(xí)的語(yǔ)言。

1. Have a Word of the Day.

1.每日一詞。

A study was done on language learning revealed that:

一項(xiàng)語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的研究顯示:

“Studying the first 1000 most frequently used words in the language will familiarize you with 76.0% of all vocabulary in non-fiction literature, 79.6% of all vocabulary in fiction literature, and 87.8% of vocabulary in oral speech.

“學(xué)習(xí)1000個(gè)最常用單詞，可以使你熟悉非虛構(gòu)文學(xué)中76.0%的詞匯，小說(shuō)中79.6%的詞匯和87.8%的口語(yǔ)詞匯。

Studying the 2000 most frequently used words will familiarize you with 84% of vocabulary in non-fiction, 86.1% of vocabulary in fictional literature, and 92.7% of vocabulary in oral speech.

學(xué)習(xí)2000個(gè)最常用單詞，可以使你您熟悉非虛構(gòu)文學(xué)中84%的詞匯，小說(shuō)中86.1%的詞匯，和92.7%的口語(yǔ)詞匯。

And studying the 3000 most frequently used words will familiarize you with 88.2% of vocabulary in non-fiction, 89.6% of vocabulary in fiction, and 94.0% of vocabulary in oral speech.”

學(xué)習(xí)3000個(gè)最常用單詞，可以使你熟悉非虛構(gòu)文學(xué)中88.2%的詞匯，小說(shuō)中89.6%的詞匯，和94%的口語(yǔ)詞匯。

This means that learning the most common 1,000 words in any language will be the best use of your time, since learning an additional 1,000 words will only give you a 5% boost (from 88% to 93%) in oral speech.

這意味著任何語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)中最常見(jiàn)的1000個(gè)詞匯是你日常使用最多的，因?yàn)閷W(xué)習(xí)額外的1000個(gè)單詞只會(huì)給你增加了5%的口語(yǔ)詞匯，(從88%提高到93%)。

2. Pick the right languages.

2.選擇合適的語(yǔ)言。

One way to speed up your language learning journey is to focus on learning the right language in the first place. This will be different for each person, but learning Spanish if you already know English is a lot easier than if you were to try to learn Mandarin.

加快語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)程的一個(gè)方法是把學(xué)習(xí)正確的語(yǔ)言放在第一位。這對(duì)每個(gè)人都是不同的，但如果你已經(jīng)掌握英語(yǔ)，對(duì)你而言學(xué)習(xí)西班牙語(yǔ)比學(xué)習(xí)中文更加容易。

Learning a language is a lot like learning a new sport. If you know how to play water polo, learning a similar sport, such as handball is going to be a lot easier for you than trying to learn a sport involving different coordination, such as golf.

學(xué)習(xí)一門(mén)語(yǔ)言就像學(xué)習(xí)一項(xiàng)新的運(yùn)動(dòng)。如果你知道如何玩水球，學(xué)習(xí)類(lèi)似的運(yùn)動(dòng)(如手球)，比努力學(xué)習(xí)一項(xiàng)其他動(dòng)作的運(yùn)動(dòng)要容易得多(如高爾夫球)。

This isn’t to say that you shouldn’t attempt to learn a language that sprouts from a different language family. At the end of the day, your passion for learning a language will triumph the difficulties that you’ll face along the way.

這并不是說(shuō)，你不可以嘗試學(xué)習(xí)一種與你掌握的語(yǔ)言差別較大的語(yǔ)言。在一天結(jié)束的時(shí)候，你的學(xué)習(xí)熱情會(huì)戰(zhàn)勝你將要面臨的困難。

3. Speak the language as much as you can.

3.盡可能多進(jìn)行口語(yǔ)練習(xí)。

Just like the way we learned how to ride a bicycle for the first time, speaking a new language can only come from doing it.

就像我們第一次學(xué)會(huì)騎自行車(chē),說(shuō)一門(mén)新語(yǔ)言也同樣類(lèi)似。

It means we need to be in front of native speakers, making as many mistakes as we can, and getting immediate feedback along the way.

這意味著我們需要在母語(yǔ)者面前練習(xí)，盡可能犯很多錯(cuò)誤，并獲得即時(shí)糾正。

There is no shortcut or hack around this because speaking the language is the hack itself.

沒(méi)有快捷方式或技巧因?yàn)檎f(shuō)一門(mén)語(yǔ)言本身就是技巧。

You can try going to the following resources to gain more speaking practice:

你可以嘗試以下的資源獲得更多的對(duì)話練習(xí)：

Conversation/Language Exchanges like conversationexchange.com or mylanguageexchange.com

conversationexchange.com 或 mylanguageexchange.com對(duì)話交流網(wǎng)站。

Local city language meetups like meetup.com or couchsurfing.com

meetup.com 或 couchsurfing.com獲取本地見(jiàn)面交流。

Asking a friend who speaks your target language

求助和你有相同目標(biāo)語(yǔ)言的朋友。

Private language teacher platforms

私教平臺(tái)

4. Carry around a notebook and write down new words you learn.

4.隨身攜帶一個(gè)筆記本，寫(xiě)下你學(xué)習(xí)新單詞。

This tip is particularly recommended for intermediate or advanced learners since it’s going to be hard to keep track of every single word you learn when you’re just starting out.

本條建議特別推薦中級(jí)或高級(jí)學(xué)習(xí)者，因?yàn)楫?dāng)你剛剛開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)是很難記住每個(gè)新學(xué)的單詞。

But when you’re further along your journey, you can start to write down the new vocabulary that you learn from your private teacher or friends.

但是當(dāng)你沿著你的進(jìn)度學(xué)習(xí)，你可以寫(xiě)下從家教或朋友那里學(xué)習(xí)的新詞匯。

Studies show that writing things down can help us retain more information in the brain, and it also allows us to refer to the list of new words we wrote down in the future.

研究表明書(shū)寫(xiě)可以幫助我們記住更多的信息，也可以在將來(lái)查找寫(xiě)下的單詞列表。

To make it easier on yourself, we recommend using the Notes application on your smartphone, because that will allow you to keep everything in the cloud, without requiring you to carry a bulky notebook wherever you go.

自己做更多的事，我們建議在你的智能手機(jī)上使用應(yīng)用程序，因?yàn)檫@將在云上存儲(chǔ)你的信息，而不需要無(wú)論你走到哪里都攜帶笨重的筆記本。

5. Schedule it in.

5.將它安排在日程表里。

Research shows that scheduling our priorities is more effective than simply keeping a to-do list of our upcoming tasks. This is because scheduling forces us to have a realistic deadline, and has a timeline to complete the task.

研究表明，有重點(diǎn)地安排比簡(jiǎn)單地保持一個(gè)待辦事項(xiàng)清單要更有效率。因?yàn)檫@樣的安排迫使我們自己定一個(gè)最后期限，并且有一個(gè)時(shí)間表來(lái)完成這個(gè)任務(wù)。

If you want to find more time in your schedule to learn a language, we recommend making it a priority by scheduling it into your daily calendar and sticking to it.

如果你想在你的日程安排花費(fèi)更多的時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)一門(mén)語(yǔ)言，我們建議到您的日程表提高它的優(yōu)先級(jí)并堅(jiān)持。

Here are some additional tips to find more time as provided:

這里有一些其他的建議來(lái)更有效地利用時(shí)間：

Shortening your work tasks — This means that if you think a work task will take 2 hours, give yourself a deadline of 1 hour. It’s likely you’ll find a way to focus to get it done in time.

縮短你的工作任務(wù)——這意味著，如果你認(rèn)為一個(gè)工作任務(wù)需要2小時(shí)，給自己定1小時(shí)的期限。很有可能你會(huì)找到一個(gè)可以集中完成它的方法。

Cut out unimportant free times — are there spare times in your day, where you simply do nothing or time-wasting tasks? Perhaps you find yourself going on social media in the late afternoon everyday, or checking email more than 5 times per day.

刪掉不重要的自由時(shí)間——你的一天中是否有什么都不做或沒(méi)有意義的空閑時(shí)間?也許你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己會(huì)在每天下午使用社交媒體，或者每天查收郵件超過(guò)5次。

6. Get a private teacher.

6.找一個(gè)私人教師。

What do most of the top performers in the world have in common? They have a personal coach, whether it’s a fitness coach, business coach, or life coach.

世界上最頂尖的演員有何共同之處?他們都有一個(gè)私人教練，無(wú)論是一個(gè)健身教練、業(yè)務(wù)教練、還是生活教練。

Having someone accountable to your success not only allows them to see the blind spots that you’re missing, but they’re also able to get you through the rough moments you’ll inevitably face.

有人對(duì)你的進(jìn)步負(fù)責(zé)，這樣不僅他們可以看到你忽略的盲點(diǎn)，但他們也能夠幫助你度過(guò)你自己無(wú)法避免的危險(xiǎn)。

Psychologists have studied what’s known as the transition cycle. It’s the cycle of progress we go through whenever we’re experiencing change or a novel event, such as a tragic event or even learning something new.

心理學(xué)家研究過(guò)所謂的過(guò)渡周期，在我們正在經(jīng)歷變化或一個(gè)新奇的事件的任何時(shí)候，都會(huì)經(jīng)歷的周期過(guò)渡，如一個(gè)悲劇性的事件，甚至學(xué)習(xí)新的東西。

If you’re serious about learning a new language, and you want to see faster results, getting yourself a private teacher that can give you the support and help you need is one of the best personal investments you can make.

如果你真的想學(xué)習(xí)一門(mén)新的語(yǔ)言，并且你想盡快看到結(jié)果，請(qǐng)一個(gè)可以給你支持并幫助你的私人老師是最好的個(gè)人投資。