2022年11月09日 VOA慢速英語(yǔ)：作為 PISA 學(xué)習(xí)一部分的新英語(yǔ)評(píng)估

 

Cambridge University Press and Assessment is partnering with the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) on a new English language assessment. The goal of the new assessment is to improve understanding of how English is taught and learned as a foreign language.
劍橋大學(xué)出版社和評(píng)估與經(jīng)濟(jì)合作與發(fā)展組織 (OECD) 合作開(kāi)展一項(xiàng)新的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言評(píng)估。新評(píng)估的目標(biāo)是提高對(duì)英語(yǔ)作為外語(yǔ)的教學(xué)和學(xué)習(xí)方式的理解。
 
The assessment will be a part of the OECD's Program for International Student Assessment, called PISA. PISA is a worldwide study every three years that measures student performance in math, science and reading in the native language. About 80 countries take part in the study.
該評(píng)估將成為經(jīng)合組織國(guó)際學(xué)生評(píng)估計(jì)劃（稱為 PISA）的一部分。PISA 是一項(xiàng)每三年一次的全球性研究，以衡量學(xué)生在數(shù)學(xué)、科學(xué)和母語(yǔ)閱讀方面的表現(xiàn)。大約有 80 個(gè)國(guó)家參與了這項(xiàng)研究。
 
PISA will be adding a foreign language assessment in 2025 as part of the study. So far, English is the only foreign language that will be used in the assessment.
作為研究的一部分，PISA 將在 2025 年增加外語(yǔ)評(píng)估。到目前為止，英語(yǔ)是評(píng)估中唯一使用的外語(yǔ)。
 
"It's a fact that English is the language of communication of study, of work, spoken by billions of people," Hanan Khalifa told VOA. Khalifa is a language learning and teaching expert with Cambridge, and one of the leading experts on the PISA foreign language assessment. "So it wasn't surprising to use English as a foreign language to start with," she said.
“事實(shí)上，英語(yǔ)是數(shù)十億人交流學(xué)習(xí)和工作的語(yǔ)言，”哈南哈利法告訴美國(guó)之音。Khalifa 是劍橋的語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)和教學(xué)專家，也是 PISA 外語(yǔ)評(píng)估的領(lǐng)先專家之一。“所以一開(kāi)始就使用英語(yǔ)作為一門(mén)外語(yǔ)并不奇怪，”她說(shuō)。
 
Khalifa calls the new test "groundbreaking."
哈利法稱新的測(cè)試是“開(kāi)創(chuàng)性的”。
 
She said large studies of English language teaching and learning have been limited. There was a study in the 1970s by the University of Gothenburg in Sweden looking at English as a foreign language. And Cambridge was involved in a 2000s study among some European Union countries that assessed teaching and learning foreign languages. Cambridge has tested English teaching and learning in individual countries, but never on a worldwide level.
她說(shuō)，對(duì)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)和學(xué)習(xí)的大型研究是有限的。瑞典哥德堡大學(xué)在 1970 年代進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)研究，將英語(yǔ)視為一門(mén)外語(yǔ)。劍橋參與了 2000 年代在一些歐盟國(guó)家中進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)評(píng)估外語(yǔ)教學(xué)和學(xué)習(xí)的研究。劍橋在個(gè)別國(guó)家測(cè)試過(guò)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)和學(xué)習(xí)，但從未在全球范圍內(nèi)測(cè)試過(guò)。
 
The PISA assessment administered "all over the world with participating countries gives us really, really rich data," Khalifa said. Until now there has not been a "reliable … data source about the levels of the abilities of people who would speak English."
哈利法說(shuō)，“在世界各地與參與國(guó)一起進(jìn)行的 PISA 評(píng)估為我們提供了非常非常豐富的數(shù)據(jù)”。到目前為止，還沒(méi)有一個(gè)“可靠的……關(guān)于會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的人的能力水平的數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)源”。
 
She said the data will help countries make decisions about how to use resources. Without good data it can be hard to know whether countries should center their efforts on developing study programs, training teachers, or introducing students to the language earlier, she said.
她說(shuō)，這些數(shù)據(jù)將幫助各國(guó)決定如何使用資源。她說(shuō)，如果沒(méi)有良好的數(shù)據(jù)，很難知道各國(guó)是否應(yīng)該將精力集中在制定學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃、培訓(xùn)教師或讓學(xué)生更早地了解該語(yǔ)言上。
 
The PISA study is only given out to 15-year-old students who attend the school system. The test will center on assessing real-world, everyday English communication.
PISA 研究?jī)H提供給在學(xué)校系統(tǒng)就讀的 15 歲學(xué)生。該測(cè)試將集中在評(píng)估現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的日常英語(yǔ)交流。
 
Khalifa said the test "is not about whether your grammar is accurate and whether your vocabulary is spot on." She added: "It's about whether your message has actually been communicated to the other side or not."
哈利法說(shuō)，測(cè)試“不是關(guān)于你的語(yǔ)法是否準(zhǔn)確以及你的詞匯是否準(zhǔn)確。” 她補(bǔ)充說(shuō)：“這是關(guān)于你的信息是否真的傳達(dá)給了對(duì)方。”
 
The test will be entirely online and through a computer. Students will be assessed based on their English language ability. Students will speak into microphones for the spoken parts of the test.
測(cè)試將完全在線并通過(guò)計(jì)算機(jī)進(jìn)行。學(xué)生將根據(jù)他們的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言能力進(jìn)行評(píng)估。學(xué)生將在測(cè)試的口語(yǔ)部分對(duì)著麥克風(fēng)講話。
 
OECD piloted the assessment in five countries in 2021, and Khalifa said it was a success.
經(jīng)合組織于 2021 年在五個(gè)國(guó)家試行了該評(píng)估，哈利法表示這是成功的。
 
Catalina Covacevich is with OECD and was involved with the pilot program.
Catalina Covacevich 在經(jīng)合組織工作，并參與了試點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目。
 
She said in a statement that "we were concerned that students with low levels of speaking skills may have found the pilot stressful, but one school enjoyed it so much, they clapped after the speaking assessment."
她在一份聲明中說(shuō)：“我們擔(dān)心口語(yǔ)水平低的學(xué)生可能會(huì)覺(jué)得飛行員壓力很大，但一所學(xué)校非常享受，他們?cè)诳谡Z(yǔ)評(píng)估后鼓掌。”
 
Khalifa said the test is not meant to trick students or be overly difficult.
哈利法說(shuō)，這項(xiàng)測(cè)試并不是為了欺騙學(xué)生或過(guò)于困難。
 
"We try to minimize the anxiety as much as possible," she said.
“我們盡量減少焦慮，”她說(shuō)。
 
But the countries involved take the results seriously. Khalifa said that countries that have been helped by PISA have changed their education policies. Some countries have decided to hire more teachers or introduce foreign languages at a younger age, she said.
但有關(guān)國(guó)家認(rèn)真對(duì)待結(jié)果。哈利法說(shuō)，受 PISA 幫助的國(guó)家已經(jīng)改變了他們的教育政策。她說(shuō)，一些國(guó)家已決定聘請(qǐng)更多教師或在更年輕的時(shí)候引入外語(yǔ)。
 
"And that is one of the key reasons why we partnered with OECD," Khalifa said. "It is about that influence [of PISA]."
“這是我們與經(jīng)合組織合作的關(guān)鍵原因之一，”哈利法說(shuō)。“這是關(guān)于[PISA]的影響。”