補全短文分析 如何運用標(biāo)點符號？

補全短文分析 如何運用標(biāo)點符號？

解題思路

補全短文試題要求快速瀏覽原文，不要精讀，故標(biāo)點作為具有其獨特意義的特殊文字符號毫無疑問為考生提供了明顯的解題線索，那么應(yīng)該如何正確解讀標(biāo)點符號背后的秘密呢？

由于做題時選項中出現(xiàn)最多的是句號，故看句號解題較難，我們主要從特殊標(biāo)點上尋找線索。特殊標(biāo)點包括：

1．引號句。選項中如果有引號句出現(xiàn)，空格周圍可能會有引號句出現(xiàn)，故此項多填在含有相應(yīng)引號句的段落。

2．問號句：包括一般疑問句和特殊疑問句。第一，若選項中有一般疑問句，一般會考排比句，即空格的前后均有一般疑問句時，此處多填選項中的一般疑問句。第二，針對特殊疑問句，首先要抓特殊疑問句的主語，若主語是名詞或名詞短語時，答語一般是代詞；選項如果是用why來問的，答語則一般會有以下表原因的詞語：because, because of, owing to, due to, reason, cause。

［溫馨提示］

若一個選項對應(yīng)兩個空格時（即這個選項可能滿足兩個空格的要求時），就看選項中的單詞與哪個空格周圍的單詞重復(fù)得多，重復(fù)多的為正確答案。選項中若有I, We時，先代入原文，看是不是以第一人稱進(jìn)行寫作的，如果不是，它只能出現(xiàn)在引號句中。

接下來就讓我們通過例題實戰(zhàn)一下。

真題回放

Coffee Is "Health Drink"

It is a daily routine for millions of Italians—the morning cup of espresso brewed on the kitchen hob or downed swiftly in a cafe on the way to work.

But for years their favourite way of kick-starting the day has had a bad press—　46

Now it seems the tide is turning. Forget the scare stories, says dietician Chiara Trombetti.

47

Coffee can be good for you—the stronger, the better. Coffee contains tannin and antioxidants, which are good for the heart and arteries, Dr Trombetti says.

It can relieve headaches.　48　—and can help prevent cirrhosis and gallstones. And the caffeine in coffee can reduce the risk of asthma attacks—and help improve circulation within the heart.

There is no denying that coffee is not for everyone. If you drink too much it can increase nervousness, and cause rapid heartbeat and trembling hands.

49

And even Dr. Trombetti says no one should drink more than three or four cups a day.

　50　But Dr. Trombetti is adamant that a cup of milky coffee could make the ideal start for the next generation of coffee lovers—Italy's drowsy school kids—stimulating their brains ahead of a day that often lasts from 08:30 until 16:00.

A. All of us are advised not to drink coffee any more.

B. Pregnant women, heart patients, and anyone with a stomach ulcer are usually advised to avoid it.

C. most recently when it was reported that doctors had told British Prime Minister Tony Blair to drink less coffee.

D. Many parents might be horrified at the thought.

E. There is sound scientific reason to enjoy your morning espresso without worrying about the health effects.

F. It is good for the liver.

［答案解析］

46．C。［解析］對比選項，A、B、C意思相近，選項D描述比較消極，E、F是表明咖啡的好處，建議食用。觀察空格處的特點，在破折號后面，一般起解釋說明的作用，即破折號前面內(nèi)容一般是總述，后面一般是補充說明的分述。前一句話中關(guān)鍵詞是bad, had a bad press意為“有負(fù)面報道”，故可以推測出下一句的內(nèi)容與少喝咖啡有關(guān)，故答案為C。

47．E。［解析］聯(lián)系上下文，第三段提到the tide is turning，說明人們對咖啡的看法在往好的方面轉(zhuǎn)變，故答案從E、F中選擇，F(xiàn)不能起到過渡的作用，故答案為E。

48．F。［解析］該題是在破折號前，起總述作用，可根據(jù)破折號后面內(nèi)容判斷此處答案。其中cirrhosis and gallstones（肝硬化和膽結(jié)石）正好與F中的liver對應(yīng)，故答案為F。

49．B。［解析］該空格為獨立段落，故需聯(lián)系上下文確定答案。第七段在敘述咖啡的缺點，而倒數(shù)第二段建議每天適當(dāng)?shù)仫嬘每Х?，只有B選項起到了過渡的作用。

50．D。［解析］該空格處后緊跟but，說明空格處和最后一段中后面的內(nèi)容是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。后面表述的是：一杯牛奶咖啡對于下一代咖啡愛好者的重要性，是正面的意思，故空格處應(yīng)為消極或否定的內(nèi)容。故答案為D。

［溫馨提示］

雖然句號和逗號太過平庸，不易在它們的身上找到隱藏的信息，但是我們可以從它們自身的意義上推理句際間的關(guān)系。句號表示一個句子的終結(jié)，故下一個新的句子若與前句有關(guān)則會連接不同的連接詞，如but, then, thus, consequently等。逗號除了可以表達(dá)并列兩個句子外，還可以提示補語、定語等。故在遇到句號和逗號時，也可以簡單地推理句際關(guān)系。

［經(jīng)典范例］

A merger involves combining two or more papers into one. During the nineteenth century many cities had more than one competitive independent paper. Today in most cities there are only one or two newspapers, and　4　. Often newspapers in several cities belong to one chain.

A. to play an important role in newspaper operations

B. was the growth of telegraph services

C. and they usually enjoy great prestige

D. they are usually operated by a single owner

E. in order to survive under the pressure of rising costs

F. owned by a single person or organization

［答案解析］空格前為逗號，緊接著出現(xiàn)了并列連詞and，說明所填充的句子與Today in most cities there are only one or two newspapers形成并列關(guān)系。選項中A和E都不是獨立的句子，B、F時態(tài)和形式均不符合，C選項中含有and，與原文重復(fù)，故D選項正確。