課本中不會教你的[S]624　so that，such…that和so…as to

624　so that，such…that和so…as to

① so that既可以引導目的狀語從句，也可以引導結果狀語從句，但有區(qū)別。

如果引導目的狀語從句，so that意為“以便，這樣，為了，目的是”，從句中的謂語應該有may/might，can/could，will，would，should這類情態(tài)動詞，表示“可能，會”等義。

She studies hard so that she may pass the exam. 她努力學習以便能通過考試。

We planted lots of trees in the campus so that our school （should）be beautified. 我們在校園里種了許多樹，以便美化學校。

② so that引導目的狀語從句，可用in order that代替或改用不定式in order to，so as to。

I sat in the first row in order that/so that I might hear clearly. 我坐在第一排，以便聽得清楚。（=in order to hear，so as to hear）

She bought a villa in the suburb in order that/so that she could spend her weekend there. 她在鄉(xiāng)間買了一幢別墅，以便去那里度周末。（=in order to spend，so as to spend）

③ so that引導目的狀語從句，可以放在句首。

So that she should arrive there on time，she set out in the early morning. 為了能按時到達那兒，她一大清早就動身了。

So that they shouldn't fail，they were fully prepared. 他們做了充分準備，以防失敗。

④ so that引導目的狀語從句，表示主句主語的主觀愿望。

He drove fast so that he might be there in half a day. 他車開得很快，以便能在半天時間到達那兒。

⑤ so that引導目的狀語從句時，有時可省略so。

The policemen cleared the mountain of the robbers （so）that people might live a peaceful life. 警察清除了山中的強盜，以便人們過上和平生活。

⑥ so that如果引導結果狀語從句，意為“結果，以至于”，前面常用逗號同主句分開。從句中通常不用情態(tài)動詞，表示實際的結果怎樣。

He came late，so that he missed the train. 他來晚了，沒有趕上火車。

She was ill，so that she was unable to go to work. 她病了，不能上班了。

⑦ so that引導結果狀語從句時，so可以提到形容詞、副詞或分詞前。

She was so worried that she couldn't eat or sleep. 她憂心忡忡，吃不下，睡不著。

He swam so fast that none of us could keep up with him. 他游得很快，我們誰也跟不上他。

⑧ so that引導結果狀語從句時，有時可用too…to或enough…to改寫。

他跑得很快，逮住了那個小偷。

He ran so quickly that he caught the thief.

I was so tired that I couldn't go any further. 我太累了，一點也走不動了。

I was too tired to go any further.

⑨ so that引導結果狀語從句時，從句表示的是主句行為的結果，而非主語的愿望。

He was disappointed so that he meant to give up the plan. 他很失望，打算放棄自己的計劃。

⑩ so that引導結果狀語從句時，有時可省略that。

He studied hard so （that） he passed the entrance examination. 他刻苦學習，通過了入學考試。

提示

結果狀語從句如果表示“可能的結果”，要用may，如果表示“必然的結果”，要用must。

He is careless in his work so that he may make mistakes. 他工作不細心，可能會出錯。

He is careless in his work so that he must make mistakes. 他工作不細心，必然會出錯。

? so…that句型中的that通常只能引導結果狀語從句，意為“如此……以至于”。

He was so ill that he had to go to the doctor. 他病得很重，不得不去看醫(yī)生。

She spoke so fast that we couldn't follow her. 她說得太快，我們跟不上。

The moon was so bright that the flowers were bright as by day. 月光如此的明亮，以至于看得見鮮花怒放，猶如在白天一樣。

I am so busy these days that I have no time to take a walk. 我這些天非常忙，連散步的時間都沒有。

? such…that結構不同于so…that結構。so是副詞，修飾形容詞、副詞、動詞，such是形容詞，修飾名詞，該名詞前還可有別的修飾語。值得注意的是，such不能同many和much連用，不可說such many students，such much water，應說so many students，so much water。

注意比較下面兩個結構：

such a fine view （such修飾a fine view）

so fine a view （so修飾fine）

提示

such 可以修飾單數名詞、復數名詞（such good books）和不可數名詞（such cool water）。但除so many+復數名詞和so much+不可數名詞結構外，“so+形容詞”之后接的詞只能是單數可數名詞或不可數名詞，不能是復數名詞，其結構為：so+形容詞+a/an+單數名詞。

so good novels

such good novels

so great progress

such great progress

? such…that既可以表示程度，也可以表示結果。such…that引導結果狀語從句時，有時可改為such…as to結構。

I was such a cold day that we all kept indoors. 那天非常寒冷，我們都閉門不出。（結果）

They were not such fools that they believed him. （程度）

They were not such fools as to believe him. 他們不至于傻到相信他。

? so…as to+動詞原形可以表示結果，意為“如此……以至于，那樣……以至于”，也可以表示目的，意為“那樣……以便”。

He is so strong as to move the big stone. 他那樣強壯，能夠搬動這塊大石頭。（結果）

He wouldn't be so mean as to do such a thing. 他不會小氣到做出這樣的事。

Is she so naive as to believe your story？她會天真到相信你的話嗎？

提示

如果so…as to所在句中的主語和其后不定式的邏輯主語為同一人或物，可同so…that句型換用，表示結果。

He got up so early as to catch the train. 他起得早，趕上了火車。

He got up so early that he caught the train.